<div dir="ltr">Dear Claus,<div style>I do not know the specific history of the term "protocol" in computing. It is an interesting question. Does the OED give a first date for that usage?</div><div style><br></div>
<div style>I know the term was in use in telephony before the digital age. There is something called "ground start protocol" which was a way to request a dial tone. (If I remember correctly, that was an electrical protocol, not digital.) There is now something called "digital ground start protocol."</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>If telecommunications people were using the term in the pre-digital days, I suspect they probably got it from telegraph operators who had a standard communication format they would use when sending telegraph messages. There had to be a little back-and-forth before a message could be send and I vaguely remember hearing that called a "protocol."</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>As a diplomatic protocol governs how two diplomats or nations initiate and carry out dialog, someone must have thought to apply that to technologically mediated communication. I'm afraid I don't have any specific data, but I strongly suspect that the term was brought to computing from telephony and is likely to have been a carry over from telegraphy.</div>
<div style><br></div><div style>Cheers,</div><div style>Jenny Cool</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Sat, Jun 29, 2013 at 3:12 AM, Claus Pias <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:claus.pias@univie.ac.at" target="_blank">claus.pias@univie.ac.at</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
Dear all,<br>
<br>
I am curious if anyone did some historical research on WHY protocols were called "protocols". From the existing literature and old RFC's I vaguely know WHEN transmission protocols emerged and how the structure of packages was defined in the times of early online-systems. There are also a few texts on the history of protocol engineering (i.e. Computer Networks 54(2010) 3197-3209). But as far as I see, no one yet asked the questions why the term "protocol" was chosen.<br>
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The background is that I am working on medieval and early modern documents (deeds) whose structure is called "protocol" in diplomatics (in the sense of Mabillon). In fact, the structure of digital data packages very much resembles the structure of deeds, that follow a highly formalized framework of invocatio, intitulatio, inscriptio, narratio, sanctio, corroboratio, eschatocoll (to use the latin rhetorical terms) that are equivalent to time stamp, sender, receiver, message, 'checksum' or authentifier etc. etc. Questions of security of transmission were crucial for that kind of structure.<br>
<br>
Was anyone aware of this historical notion of "protocol" when the term was introduced to computer networks in the 1960's?<br>
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My apologies for such an esoteric question -- it's my first post here.<br>
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Best wishes,<br>
Claus<br>
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--<br>
Claus Pias<br>
Leuphana University Lüneburg, Wallstr. 1, 21335 Lüneburg / Germany<br>
Professor for History and Epistemology of Media (ICAM)<br>
Director, Institute for Advanced Study in Media-Cultures of Computer Simulation (MECS)<br>
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</blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br>Jennifer Cool, Ph.D.<div>Center for Visual Anthropology</div><div>University of Southern California</div><div>Co-Chair, CASTAC, <a href="http://blog.castac.org" target="_blank">http://blog.castac.org</a></div>
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